Orient

The lands to the east and south of Europe are shrouded in mystery to those Europeans who have never traveled beyond their own borders. Stories brought back by travelers, and those told by visitors from those realms, paint an image of lands very different than the ones they knew. But what were those stories based on?

This page is an attempt to compile information about the orient in 1811, focused primarily on Morocco, with perhaps a few side trips into the Levant and Ottoman Empire. Unless otherwise noted, all information is drawn from Travels Through The Empire of Morocco, by John Buffa, MD (1810).

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Placeholder: Middle Eastern Dancing

The standard modern western image of middle eastern belly dancing - the bedlah costume with veils and bikinis and such - was invented almost wholesale in the late 1800s by the french, and the romantic painters making up ideas of what a harem must be like.

This is closer to what what ghaziya (gypsy dancers - the ones any westener in the early 1800s might have seen) wore:

1880s, K. Craufurd. http://www.belly-dance.org/museum.php?Id=2

more:

http://www.belly-dance.org/ghawazee.html

modern academic article:

http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/24/Peretz-EgyptianGhawaziDance.html

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Coffee and coffee brewing

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Swords, cavalry, military, etc

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Cuisine: Food and Drink

- sekanjabin

A vinegar/honey/herb syrup, diluted with water to drink.

http://www.3owls.org/sca/cook/oxymel.htm

An Anonymous Andalusian Cookbook of the Thirteenth Century, tr. Charles Perry.:

Take a ratl of strong vinegar and mix it with two ratls of sugar, and cook all this until it takes the form of a syrup. Drink an ûqiya of this with three of hot water when fasting: it is beneficial for fevers of jaundice, and calms jaundice and cuts the thirst, since sikanjabîn syrup is beneficial in phlegmatic fevers: make it with six ûqiyas of sour vinegar for a ratl of honey and it is admirable.

- mint tea

- yoghurt ice water version

- couscous, savory & sweet

- halal vs haram